Study Notes for Colleges and Universities

68 years after its invention, television still hasn’t fulfilled its potential consider the future of the humble box and how emerging technologies enhance your viewing pleasure. Compared to the massive leaps forward we regularly witness in computer technology, the world of television could be accused of being somewhat slow to adapt. In fact, the fundamental idea behind television hasn’t changed that radically since the very first transmission was beamed into the ether back in 1936. OK, so we got colour in 1967 and TV signals are now piped into houses via cable, satellite and, more recently, digital satellite and Free view. And we’ll happily admit that technologies employed to make, watch and record TV programmes improved a great deal during the 68 years of television’s existence. But is there a place for the clumsy cathode ray tube among the adv technology of tomorrow’s living room, and how will the notion of tra broadcasting hold up in the face on increasing downloadable i...

In our society, bureaucracy is not a set of individuals who act according to their whims and fancies or merely to promote their selfish interest. Pakistan has inherited the bureaucratic structure and procedures from British colonial master. It has grown up, with the needs of time, in a highly developed “power complex”, like a machine or a system of self-sustaining living organism. It exists on the basic of rules, regulations, laws and constitutional provisions. It would be correct to say that bureaucratic “power complex” was invented by British to rule their colonies. Britain itself did not have a “power complex” to regulate its life as the one it created for India and other colonies. Its rule was responsible to none but to the government in London through the governor-general. The bureaucracy – the Indian Civil Service – was essentially a mercenary force in which the sons of the local collaborating elite were inducted to do the dirty work for the colonizers, which they did wi...